TECHNOVACUUM

NEW TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH INNOVATION

 
Vacuum creating systems

1) based on vacuum hydrocirculating units

2) based on steam ejectors

Jet compression units
for flare and low-pressure gases recovery

1) based of two-phase jet devices

2) based of steam ejectors

 
Jet absorption gas cleaning units
for hydrocarbons removal from breathing gases and oil and petroleum products gases recovery

 
Jet devices
ejectors and injectors for various purposes







Technovacuum Ltd.
+7 (495) 956-76-21
+7 (499) 261-99-98
+7 (499) 267-82-03
Russia, 105082, Moscow
B.Pochtovaya str., 26 "B", build.2, 5-th floor, office 1, room 11A
 

1) JET COMPRESSION UNITS
for recovery of flare, associated petroleum and other low-pressure gases based on two-phase jet devices

Purpose

The jet compressor developed by Technovacuum Ltd. is designed for compression of low-pressure gases (e.g., flare or associated petroleum gas) produced during processes at oil refineries and petrochemical plants and also during oil-and-gas production.

Use of the jet compression unit allows to improve ecological conditions at enterprises by reducing of flaring of significant quantities of low-pressure (e.g., flare) gases.

Layout of jet compressor

1 – liquid-gas jet device
2 - separator
3 – heat exchanger
4 - motive liquid pump


I – low-pressure gas
II – compressed gas to consumer
III – excess of spent motive liquid
IV – fresh motive liquid makeup


Principle of jet compressor operation

The low-pressure gas, e.g., flare gas of refinery, is delivered to the inlet of the jet device 1. The motive liquid is supplied to the jet device by the pump 4. Various liquids that are involved in the process and may be mixed with the low-pressure gas can be used as motive liquid.

As a result of ejection process in the jet device, the gas-vapor mixture is compressed up to the required pressure. Simultaneously with compression, process of absorption of vapor contained in the low-pressure gas by the motive liquid can take place in the jet device.

The generated gas-vapor mixture goes from the jet device 1 to the separator 2, where gas and motive liquid separation occurs. The compressed gas is discharged from the separator 2 for utilization, for example, it is supplied to the fuel system of the plant. The motive liquid is delivered from the separator 2 to the heat exchanger 3 for cooling and then to the inlet of the pump 4. The excess of motive liquid is discharged from the unit through the level-control valve of the separator 2 for further treatment.

It is expedient to use as motive liquid any process flow coming for further separation, this allows to extract the absorbed components of low-pressure gas from the motive liquid.

In case of variable flow of compressed gas, several jet devices and motive liquid pumps can be connected to one separator.

Capacity control of the jet compressor is carried out by automatic switching on/off the pumps and jet devices. This approach scheme allows to respond to changes of gas flow discharge efficiently and to exclude usage of gasholders.

Main advantages of jet compressor

As compared with traditionally used mechanical compressors, the jet compressors have a number of advantages:

  • Significant cost-effectiveness by compression of gases absorbed by motive liquid: sufficient quantities of vapors can be absorbed by motive liquid during compression of gas-vapor mixtures, that allows to increase the output of target products and performance of jet compressor;
  • Possibility of selective treatment of compressed gases due to motive liquid: specially selected absorbents (e.g., monoethanolamine, diethyleneglycol, oil fraction etc.) can be used as motive liquid, that allows the removal of aggressive and ecologically dangerous substances from the compressed gas;
  • Possibility of compression of explosive gases and also gases containing solid particles and liquid drops: this is provided by use of two-phase jet devices, in which gas is compressed by cold liquid;
  • Automatic adjustment of jet compressor capacity in the wide range with simultaneous energy saving: this is provided by control system of jet compression unit realized on basis of distributed control system;
  • High level of explosion and fire safety: this is provided by absence of contact of moving mechanical parts with compressed gas in the jet devices and by possibility to place the jet devices on an open site, that allows to exclude formation of explosive mixtures;
  • High level of operating reliability: this is provided by use of jet devices, separating vessels, centrifugal pumps, which have a higher level of reliability in comparison with mechanical compressors;
  • No necessity of specially equipped compressor rooms: the equipment of jet compressors is placed on an open site, thus reducing capital costs.

Application field of jet compressors

  • Compression, cleaning and utilization of flare gases at petroleum, gas and petrochemical enterprises;
  • Compression and utilization of associated petroleum gases;
  • Compression and cleaning of coking gases;
  • Pumping of the mixture of oil gas and water into bed to increase crude oil production.

Experience of industrial application of jet compressors

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Jet compression unit at Turkmenbashy Refinery

The first jet compressor for processing of flare gases was developed for Turkmenbashy Refinery and put in operation in 2000 (see a picture).

The jet compressor has shown the design objectives and is in operation at the present time. The maximum capacity of the jet compressor is 6000 nm3/h of flare gas compressed up to the pressure of 0.5 MPa. The light coking gas oil – a feedstock for catalytic cracking - is used as motive liquid of the jet compressor.

The hydrocarbon fractions Ñ3+ of the flare gas being dissolved in the motive liquid are discharged from the jet compressor together with balance excess of motive liquid and are delivered to catalytic cracking unit where these Ñ3+ fractions are recovered.


Main technical data of the jet compresor at Turkmenbashy Refinery

  • gas pressure in the flare collector (at inlet of the jet compression unit) – 0.10-0.15 MPa (abs.);
  • gas pressure in the fuel system (at outlet of the jet compression unit) – 0.5 MPa;
  • actual capacity of the unit – 1000-6000 nm3/h depending on number of the operating jet devices.
Combination of processes of flare gas compression and absorption in the jet compressor allows to obtain a necessary degree of gas drying by removal of C3+ fraction by their compression up to the pressure of 0.5-0.6 MPa in the fuel manifold of the plant. In case of mechanical compressors usage, the same degree of gas drying from C3+ fraction could be obtained by compression of the flare gases up to the pressure of 1.8-2.4 MPa and their cooling up to 30 oC. This allows to save electric power by the jet compressor and to recover a higher quantity of Ñ3+ fraction from flare gases.

 


UNIT FOR ASSOCIATED PETROLEUM GAS RECOVERY

Purpose

The unit for associated petroleum gas recovery is intended for compression and fractioning of associated petroleum gas and obtaining of dry gas and liquid hydrocarbon fractions (mainly Ñ3 – Ñ5). The unit was developed on the base of jet systems produced by TECHNOVACUUM Ltd. These jet systems were successfully introduced at more than 60 enterprises, including refineries and enterprises of fuel and energy complex in Russia and abroad.

Layout of the unit for associated petroleum gas recovery

Unit for associated petroleum gas recovery


Operation principle of the unit for associated petroleum gas recovery

The associated petroleum gas, specifically from the 2nd and 3rd stages of crude separation units, is delivered to the inlet of the jet compressor consisting of two double-phase jet devices CA-1/1,2. Being ejected, the associated petroleum gas is compressed by motive liquid (gas condensate or diesel fraction) which is delivered into the CA-1/1,2 jet devices by the H-1 pump. Simultaneously with compression, absorption of hydrocarbons by the motive liquid takes place.

After the CA-1/1,2, the gas-liquid mixture is fed to the C-1 separator for separation of gas from the motive liquid. Then the motive liquid is delivered from the C-1 separator to the X-1 cooler for cooling and then to the inlet of the H-1pump.The motive liquid excess which is formed in the C-1 separator due to absorption of the C3+ hydrocarbon fractions is pumped out by the H-2 pump to the absorption-desorption unit for regeneration and extraction of the C3-C5 fractions. The gas, being compressed and partly cleaned from heavy hydrocarbons in the C-1 separator, is also delivered to the absorption-desorption unit where the gas is additionally cleaned from the C3+hydrocarbons.

Compressed dry gas is withdrawn from the unit for further application. Partly this gas can be delivered to the Ï-1 furnace as fuel component.The proposed unit can be implemented for recovery of the associated petroleum gas formed at all three stages of oil degassing.

The unit for associated petroleum gas recovery developed by TECHNOVACUUM Ltd. can extract up to 99 mass % from the 2nd and 3rd crude separation stages and about 84 mass % in case of fractioning of associated gas from all three stages of separation.


Main advantages of the unit for associated petroleum gas recovery

  • Compression of the associated petroleum gas and its simultaneous cleaning from heavy hydrocarbons;
  • High extraction degree of the C3+ fraction;
  • High reliability and easy maintenance. The unit does not need expensive spares and consumable materials and can be repaired in oilfield conditions;
  • Low sensitivity of the jet compressor to droplets and soild particles in the associated gas;
  • Fire and explosive safety due to outer installation and absence of direct contact of the gas with any moving parts;
  • Low civil construction costs. The unit can be easily installed into existing oilfield infrastructure.


If you are interested in technology of jet compressor based on two-phase jet devices and you plan to introduce it at your enterprise, please fill in the following

Questionnaire.




2) JET COMPRESSION UNITS
based on steam ejectors

Purpose

Jet compressor is referred to gas ejectors which have a duct where mixing of two jets takes place with increase of total pressure of passive (low-pressure) gas flow due to high energy of active (high-pressure) gas flow. As a result, total pressure of gas mixture is more than pressure of passive flow but less than pressure of active flow. Steam, hydrocarbon mixtures and any other gaseous substances can be used as active or passive flow.

Layout of jet compressor

Jet compressor


The jet compressor consists of three main parts – nozzle, mixing chamber and diffuser.

The nozzle for high-pressure gas flow can be made either as diverging duct or as supersonic nozzle (Laval nozzle).

Jet compressors can contain either central nozzle for high-pressure gas flow or peripheral one. In the latter case, to decrease outer dimensions of the compressor, high-pressure gas is delivered into the mixing chamber via external annular nozzle.

Shape of the mixing chamber can be cylindrical, conical or isobaric.


The diffuser is intended for static pressure increase at the compressor exit.


Main advantages

  • Simple design;
  • Reliability due to absence of high-speed rotating parts which are liable to malfunction and required to be replaced;
  • Workability in wide range of flow rates and other parameters of gas flows being mixed.

Application areas

  • Circulation of motive steam;
  • Pumping of low-pressure steam;
  • Burning, heating and mixing of gaseous streams in required ratio.
The jet compressors are used in oil and gas industry as well as in chemical, metallurgical, power-producing, paper, food industry etc.
The jet compressors are often used for “recirculation” of low-pressure waste steam. This steam is recirculated via heating device due to energy of high-pressure steam.



If you are interested in technology of jet compressor based on steam ejectors and you plan to introduce it at your enterprise, please, fill in the following

Questionnaire.

 




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